Inspiration, intrigue, conflict, and hope for a better future are themes that run through the tumultuous history of unionization among mine workers, both in our region and in the nation.
We've assembled a collection of essays and articles on this written by historians and chroniclers of the complex and fascinating effort to achieve unionization.
The following primary sources talk about the miners at Windber, Pennsylvania, and the strike of 1922–1923.
Remembering the 1906 Strike for Union in Windber, PennsylvaniaSelect Readings compiled by Mildred Allen Beik. Translations were done by Mildred Allen Beik, with assistance from Jitka Hurych and Alan Cienki. Courtesy of the Immigration History Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.  On April 2, 1906, as many
UMWA Marker Honors Mine WorkersEileen Mountjoy  In 1990, the centennial year of the United Mine Workers of America, will be marked by celebrations, both large and small, across the coal fields of several states. On an international scale, the United Mine Workers Journal,
The Windber Miners' Strike for Union in 1922-1923Historians, including many labor historians, have emphasized the economic and political conservatism of the 1920’s, including the American labor movement.
By Eileen Mountjoy  The year 1919 was marked by an explosion of activity in the American labor movement. Discontent surged among industrial workers as promises of wage increases and improved working conditions, made by employers during World War One,
That Magnificent Fight For UnionismBy Eileen Mountjoy  During 1920 and 1921, western Pennsylvania's coal mine operators campaigned vigorously to slash wages of the miners they employed. Because demand for coal declined after World War One the operators were forced
The Coal Strike of 1919 in Indiana County and its AftermathThe Coal Strike of 1919 in Indiana County and its Aftermath